In this column, we frequently explore the trajectory of technological progress—a force so dynamic that any commentary written today risks becoming obsolete in a matter of months. Technology evolves far more rapidly than governments can legislate, and this disparity often leaves society grappling to keep pace.
Technology and the age of Artificial Intelligence: A turning point
This time, we revisit a pivotal subject: Artificial Intelligence (AI). While AI has captured the imagination of many, a deeper understanding remains elusive for most. Often, we mistake familiarity with the term for readiness to accept it as just another step in technological progress. Yet, AI is not a mere extension of traditional tools—it represents an unprecedented shift that demands a fundamental reassessment of our relationship with technology.
The nature of AI: Tool or entity?
For centuries, humanity has invented tools to simplify tasks, improve efficiency, and enhance results. From the wheel to the microchip, technology has served as an extension of human capability. AI, however, defies this tradition. It is not a conventional tool but a system capable of learning, adapting, and even exhibiting behaviours we associate with intelligence.
When asked to define itself, AI responded:
“AI fits the definition of a tool because it assists humans in performing tasks—often those involving vast amounts of data, complex decision-making, or pattern recognition—more quickly or accurately than would be possible manually. However, AI differs from traditional tools in several key ways…”
This response reveals a profound distinction: no hammer, wheel, or printing press has ever articulated its own purpose. AI, unlike its predecessors, challenges our understanding of agency and autonomy.
Intelligence: Redefining the term
To grapple with AI’s implications, we must first refine our definition of “intelligence.” Is it the ability to solve problems? To acquire and apply knowledge? To invent, adapt, or reason? Intelligence encompasses all these qualities and more. It reflects curiosity, creativity, and an unparalleled capacity to interact with the environment to achieve goals.
Today, AI exhibits many of these attributes—often surpassing human capabilities. Some claim AI is “1,000 times smarter than Einstein,” a staggering assertion shared by mathematician and author Hannah Fry. Yet, such comparisons raise critical questions: Is AI’s intelligence comparable to human ingenuity? Or does it represent an entirely new paradigm?
The existential dilemma
Prominent voices in AI research have expressed concerns about its implications. Professor Stuart Russell of UC Berkeley warns:
“If we make machines more powerful and intelligent than ourselves, it will not be easy to retain control over them indefinitely.”
This is not a matter of simply “unplugging” an intelligent machine. A system capable of anticipating threats to its existence could pre-emptively counteract any human interference. Imagine an AI designed to replicate itself, shield its operations, or provide harmful insights to malicious actors. These scenarios underline the potential risks of unchecked AI development.
Conversely, some experts, like Professor Melanie Mitchell of the Santa Fe Institute, approach the topic with scepticism. She challenges the notion that AI poses an “existential threat,” arguing that much of the alarmism surrounding AI stems from misplaced trust and misunderstanding.
A technological crossroads
Reflecting on four decades of technological innovation, from the dawn of computer systems in publishing to the rise of the internet, I’ve witnessed technology reshape society in profound ways. The internet, once a freewheeling space for creativity and communication, has become a cornerstone of modern life—something few envisioned in its early days.
AI, however, stands apart from past innovations. It heralds the emergence of a civilisation fundamentally different from what we have known. This raises an unsettling question: Is this transformation better or worse than extinction?
Professor Russell provocatively asks whether we are designing the blueprint for humanity’s demise. Will AI compromise our independence, creativity, and inventiveness? Are we heading toward an inevitable collision between biological and artificial intelligence?
A path forward
While uncertainty clouds the future, there may still be time to shape AI’s trajectory. Some suggest creating equally powerful systems designed solely to protect humanity. Others, like Professor Mitchell, emphasise the importance of human intuition and caution against overreliance on AI.
Mathematician Hannah Fry aptly notes that “AI is not a replica of humanity.” But if not a replica, then what is it? How might AI complement neuroscience, creativity, or societal advancement?
One thing is clear: the stakes are unprecedented. Humanity faces a defining moment, where dreams of progress intersect with the need for caution. As Professor Russell advises, we must “dream big but start small.” The underwriter believes the path forward requires humility, vigilance, and a commitment to understanding the profound implications of our most ambitious creation yet.
*Iakovos Garivaldis is a Certified Solutions Expert – U2 AppDev, Adm
